Overview:
Sarnath, located just 10 km from Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh, is one of the most revered Buddhist pilgrimage destinations in the world. It is here that Lord Buddha delivered his first sermon after attaining enlightenment in Bodh Gaya — the historic “Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta” (Setting in Motion the Wheel of Dharma).
This sacred event marked the foundation of the Buddhist Sangha (community), making Sarnath an essential stop on the Buddhist Circuit in India.
Key Attractions in Sarnath
1. Dhamek Stupa
- Built by Emperor Ashoka in 249 BCE.
- Marks the exact spot where Lord Buddha gave his first sermon.
- The massive cylindrical structure (43.6m high, 28m in diameter) has intricate stone carvings and inscriptions.
2. Chaukhandi Stupa
- Commemorates the meeting of Lord Buddha with his first disciples.
- Octagonal structure built during the Gupta period, later enhanced by Mughal architecture.
3. Mulagandha Kuti Vihar
- Modern temple built by the Maha Bodhi Society.
- Houses beautiful frescoes and murals depicting the life of Buddha.
- A serene place for meditation, especially during Buddha Purnima celebrations.
4. Ashokan Pillar
- Erected by Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE.
- Once crowned with the Lion Capital, which is now the National Emblem of India.
5. Sarnath Archaeological Museum
- Houses artifacts, sculptures, and relics from ancient Buddhist monasteries.
- The famous Lion Capital of Ashoka is preserved here.
6. Deer Park (Isipatana)
- The peaceful park where Lord Buddha taught the Dharma.
- Symbolizes compassion and harmony with nature.